Across 45 renal cell carcinoma / kidney cancer Phase II–III trials, activity is led by a small group of recurring European oncology sites. Institut Gustave Roussy ranks first with 11 trial-site appearances, followed by Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron with 10 and Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre with 9. The top site network is heavily concentrated in France and Spain, which together account for 8 of the top 10 sites.
The top 10 sites account for 75 trial-site appearances. Institut Gustave Roussy leads with 11 / 75 top-10 appearances or 14.7% of top-10 activity, followed by Vall d’Hebron with 10 / 75 or 13.3%.
The most active RCC network is not broadly dispersed. It is anchored by recurring high-volume oncology and uro-oncology centers, especially Gustave Roussy, Vall d’Hebron, 12 de Octubre, Ramon y Cajal, and Centre Leon Berard.
Phase II trials account for 30 / 45 trials or 66.7%, while Phase III accounts for 15 / 45 or 33.3%. By authorization year, 2024 contributes 29 / 45 trials or 64.4%, followed by 2025 with 11 / 45 or 24.4%, and 2026 with 5 / 45 or 11.1%.
The dataset is weighted toward Phase II development, which helps explain why repeated specialist-center appearances matter: early and mid-stage RCC studies often rely on experienced oncology units able to manage biomarker, modality, and protocol complexity.
Among the top 10 country allocations, Spain accounts for 627 / 2,419 planned participants or 25.9%, followed by France with 523 / 2,419 or 21.6%. Italy, Finland, Belgium, and the Netherlands form the next tier of country-level enrollment allocation.
Spain and France combine high site recurrence with large planned participant allocations. This makes them the most important countries for RCC site feasibility, investigator mapping, and competitive enrollment monitoring in this dataset.
France and Spain dominate the top-site list. Each contributes 4 / 10 top sites, or 40.0% each. Italy and Poland contribute 1 / 10 top sites each, or 10.0% each.
The practical RCC site map is highly country-specific. France contributes deep academic cancer-center density, while Spain contributes a broad recurring hospital network across Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, and other major oncology hubs.
The strongest operational signal is concentration. A relatively small number of European oncology centers repeatedly appear across RCC Phase II–III trials, with France and Spain forming the dominant site-network backbone.
For RCC clinical development planning, the highest-value feasibility question is not simply how many countries are open. The more important question is whether the study reaches the recurring specialist centers that already appear across multiple RCC programs. In this dataset, Gustave Roussy, Vall d’Hebron, 12 de Octubre, Ramon y Cajal, Centre Leon Berard, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, and the Bydgoszcz oncology center are the clearest recurring site signals.
RCC: renal cell carcinoma.
ccRCC: clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Trial-site appearance: one occurrence of a site within a trial geography record after normalization of obvious spelling and naming variants.
Planned participants: country-level planned participant allocation reported in the trial geography field.