Clinical Trial Intelligence

Which EU/EEA Sites Lead Infectious Disease Phase 3 Trials?

17 June 2026

Across 142 infectious disease Phase 3 trials authorised in 2024–2026, the EU/EEA footprint totals 2,387 site entries and 53,144 planned participants. France is the clear operational hub with 950 sites and 18,214 planned participants, while Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris is the leading recorded site/institution name with 43 distinct trial participations. Small molecules dominate the portfolio, appearing in 92 of 142 trials (64.8%), but vaccines carry a disproportionately large patient footprint with 17,009 planned EU/EEA participants.

142
Trials included
Phase 3 infectious disease trials across 2024–2026
2,387
EU/EEA sites
Country-level CTIS site entries
53,144
Planned participants
EU/EEA country-level participant total
43
Top site
AP-HP recorded trial participations

Which sites appear most often in infectious disease Phase 3 trials?

The top 10 recorded site/institution names account for 230 of 2,080 identifiable site-trial participations (11.1%). Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris leads with 43 trial participations, equivalent to 30.3% of all 142 trials in the cohort.

Top 10 site/institution names by distinct trial participations
1. Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris
43 · 30.3% of trials
France; appears across 3 disease clusters
2. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Nantes
27 · 19.0% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
3. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Rennes
25 · 17.6% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
4. Hospices Civils De Lyon
23 · 16.2% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
5. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Bordeaux
20 · 14.1% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
6. Les Hopitaux Universitaires De Strasbourg
20 · 14.1% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
7. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Dijon
19 · 13.4% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
8. Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire De Tours
19 · 13.4% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
9. Hospital Universitari Vall D Hebron
18 · 12.7% of trials
Spain; appears across 2 disease clusters
10. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Lille
16 · 11.3% of trials
France; appears across 2 disease clusters
Measure: distinct trial appearances by recorded CTIS site/institution name across EU/EEA countries.
Interpretation

The leading infectious disease Phase 3 site network is highly concentrated in French academic hospital systems: 9 of the top 10 recorded site/institution names are in France, with Hospital Universitari Vall D Hebron as the only non-French site in the top 10.

Which countries carry the largest site and patient footprint?

France contributes 950 of 2,387 EU/EEA sites (39.8%) and 18,214 of 53,144 planned EU/EEA participants (34.3%). The four largest site countries — France, Spain, Germany and Italy — together account for 1,684 sites (70.5%).

Top countries by site count, with patient totals
Country Sites Site share Patients Trials
France 950 39.8% 18,214 66
Spain 329 13.8% 4,166 36
Germany 213 8.9% 3,470 35
Italy 192 8.0% 3,298 26
Poland 110 4.6% 3,336 16
Belgium 99 4.1% 2,455 25
Finland 68 2.8% 2,111 12
Bulgaria 63 2.6% 884 9
Netherlands 48 2.0% 5,551 17
Greece 46 1.9% 661 8
Country-level CTIS site and participant totals across EU/EEA infectious disease Phase 3 trials.
Interpretation

France is both the site-density and patient-volume anchor. The Netherlands is operationally different: it ranks ninth by sites with 48 sites, but second by participants with 5,551 planned participants, indicating fewer but larger country-level allocations.

Which infectious disease clusters create the most site demand?

HIV infection is the largest site-demand cluster with 344 EU/EEA sites across 19 trials. COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 follows with 210 sites across 12 trials, while RSV has the highest planned patient load among the leading clusters with 8,066 participants across 5 trials.

Top disease clusters by EU/EEA site count
Disease cluster
Sites
Trials
Patients
HIV infection
344
19
2,474
COVID-19 / SARS-CoV-2
210
12
7,974
Sepsis / septic shock
206
15
6,085
Chronic hepatitis D / HDV
156
7
499
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
150
5
8,066
Pneumonia / lower respiratory infection
120
5
3,045
Clostridioides difficile infection
89
2
492
Influenza
85
4
1,850
Disease labels were grouped conservatively by clear clinical synonymy and pathogen/disease area.
Interpretation

The operational market is split between chronic antiviral programs, acute hospital infection studies, and vaccine/prevention trials. HIV drives the broadest site footprint, whereas RSV and COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 create larger patient-volume requirements per site network.

Which modalities dominate infectious disease Phase 3 development?

Small molecules appear in 92 of 142 trials (64.8%) and account for 1,580 EU/EEA sites (66.2%). Vaccines appear in 25 trials (17.6%) but account for 17,009 planned EU/EEA participants (32.0%), reflecting larger prevention-study populations.

Trial-level modality presence
Small molecule
92 · 64.8% of trials
1,580 EU/EEA sites · 32,576 planned EU/EEA participants
Vaccine
25 · 17.6% of trials
466 EU/EEA sites · 17,009 planned EU/EEA participants
Other / microbiome / supportive
21 · 14.8% of trials
284 EU/EEA sites · 5,568 planned EU/EEA participants
Peptide, protein or enzyme
11 · 7.7% of trials
243 EU/EEA sites · 3,947 planned EU/EEA participants
Monoclonal antibody
5 · 3.5% of trials
132 EU/EEA sites · 4,235 planned EU/EEA participants
Cell therapy
3 · 2.1% of trials
20 EU/EEA sites · 130 planned EU/EEA participants
Modality counted at trial level when at least one non-placebo investigational product used that modality.
Interpretation

Infectious disease Phase 3 remains predominantly a small-molecule and vaccine market. Vaccines require fewer trial programs than small molecules, but their population-scale prevention designs make them disproportionately important for recruitment planning and country allocation.

At what complexity level does CRO use become common?

CROs or outsourced clinical vendors are present in 42 of 142 trials (29.6%). CRO use rises with network size: 8 of 44 trials with 1–5 EU/EEA sites use CROs (18.2%), compared with 19 of 43 trials with 21–50 sites (44.2%) and 4 of 4 trials with 51+ sites (100.0%).

CRO presence by trial site-count band
1–5 EU/EEA sites
44
31.0% of trials
CRO present in 8/44 trials (18.2%). Median EU/EEA patients: 40.5.
6–20 EU/EEA sites
51
35.9% of trials
CRO present in 11/51 trials (21.6%). Median EU/EEA patients: 263.
21–50 EU/EEA sites
43
30.3% of trials
CRO present in 19/43 trials (44.2%). Median EU/EEA patients: 326.
51+ EU/EEA sites
4
2.8% of trials
CRO present in 4/4 trials (100.0%). Median EU/EEA patients: 827.
Complexity bands use country-level EU/EEA site totals per trial.
Interpretation

The inflection point for outsourcing appears above 20 EU/EEA sites. Smaller infectious disease Phase 3 trials are often sponsor- or academic-network driven, while large multicountry prevention or antiviral trials show much heavier CRO/vendor reliance.

Who sponsors and supports infectious disease Phase 3 trials?

Hospital, clinic and healthcare-facility sponsors lead 64 of 142 trials (45.1%), narrowly ahead of pharmaceutical companies at 57 trials (40.1%). Among named CRO/vendor records, Icon Clinical Research Limited and PPD Development LP each appear in 7 trials, followed by Parexel International Corp., PPD Global Central Labs and IQVIA Limited at 6 trials each.

Primary sponsor types
Hospital/clinic/healthcare facility6445.1%
Pharmaceutical company5740.1%
Educational institution107.0%
Laboratory/research/testing facility96.3%
Patient organisation/association21.4%
Most frequent CRO/vendor names
Icon Clinical Research Limited7
PPD Development LP7
Parexel International Corp.6
PPD Global Central Labs6
IQVIA Limited6
Syneos Health Inc.5
Interpretation

Infectious disease Phase 3 is not purely pharma-led: academic and healthcare systems sponsor a larger share of trials than pharmaceutical companies. For CRO targeting, the strongest commercial signal is not the overall trial count, but the subset of larger site networks where CRO presence rises above 44%.

Definitions used in this report

EU/EEA refers to EU Member States plus EEA countries present in CTIS country entries. Site count refers to country-level CTIS site totals. Site/institution participation refers to a distinct recorded site or institution name appearing in a distinct trial. Planned participants refer to CTIS country-level participant allocations. CRO means contract research organisation or named outsourced clinical vendor in the sponsor section.