Across 92 Phase II/III bladder and urothelial cancer trials, site activity is highly concentrated in a small number of recurrent academic cancer centers. Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron is the clearest anchor site with 32 site-participation records, followed by Institut Gustave Roussy and Ospedale San Raffaele. Country-level allocation is led by Spain, France, Italy, and Germany, showing a Western/Southern Europe-heavy trial footprint.
The top 10 sites account for 178 site-participation records. Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron leads with 32 records, equal to 18.0% of the top-10 site-participation pool.
The site network is not evenly distributed. Repeated participation clusters around a small group of Spanish, French, Italian, and German referral centers with established genitourinary oncology and early-phase infrastructure.
Phase II trials represented 56 of 92 trials or 60.9%, while Phase III represented 36 of 92 trials or 39.1%. Most activity was authorized in 2024, with 69 of 92 trials or 75.0%.
The cohort is weighted toward Phase II and 2024 authorizations, indicating that much of the recent bladder/urothelial activity is still development-stage expansion rather than purely confirmatory Phase III execution.
The 10 largest country allocations account for 5,841 participant allocations. Spain leads with 1,492, followed by France with 996, Italy with 873, and Germany with 612.
Participant allocation follows the same pattern as site recurrence: Spain, France, Italy, and Germany carry the largest operational load, suggesting they are the main European geographies for bladder/urothelial trial deployment.