Clinical Trial Intelligence

Which CROs Are Most Active in European Diabetes Phase II/III Trials, and Where Is Outsourcing Demand Highest?

18 June 2026

Across 89 European CTIS diabetes Phase II/III trials from 2024–2026, CROs or CRO-like operational vendors were listed in 42/89 trials (47.2%). IQVIA / Q² Solutions was the most active group with 19 CRO-supported trials, followed by ICON with 14. CRO demand is highest when diabetes trials cross major CTIS-country and site thresholds: 11+ country trials were 6/6 CRO-supported, and 21+ site trials were 23/25 CRO-supported.

89
Trials analysed
European CTIS diabetes Phase II/III cohort, 2024–2026
42/89
CRO-supported
47.2% of trials list at least one CRO or operational vendor
IQVIA / Q²
Most active CRO group
19/42 CRO-supported trials (45.2%)
283
CTIS country records
Country-level Part II execution footprint across the cohort

Which CROs are most active in European diabetes Phase II/III trials?

Among 89 diabetes Phase II/III trials, 42/89 (47.2%) reported CRO involvement. IQVIA / Q² Solutions appeared in 19/42 CRO-supported trials (45.2%), followed by ICON in 14/42 (33.3%).

Top CRO and specialist vendor groups by trial-level presence
IQVIA / Q² Solutions
19/42 CRO-supported trials · 45.2%
ICON
14/42 CRO-supported trials · 33.3%
4G Clinical
10/42 CRO-supported trials · 23.8%
Labcorp
8/42 CRO-supported trials · 19.0%
Clario / Perceptive
7/42 CRO-supported trials · 16.7%
Syneos Health
7/42 CRO-supported trials · 16.7%
Almac
6/42 CRO-supported trials · 14.3%
Celerion
6/42 CRO-supported trials · 14.3%
Medidata
5/42 CRO-supported trials · 11.9%
Altasciences
4/42 CRO-supported trials · 9.5%
Percentage denominator: 42 CRO-supported diabetes Phase II/III trials.
Interpretation

The active vendor landscape is led by global CRO groups and specialist trial-infrastructure providers rather than one full-service CRO alone. IQVIA / Q² and ICON stand out, but 4G Clinical, Labcorp, Clario/Perceptive, Syneos, Almac and Celerion show that diabetes outsourcing is distributed across laboratories, digital systems, trial logistics, and operational support.

At what scale are CROs needed most?

CRO involvement rises sharply with CTIS country and site footprint: single-country studies used CROs in 7/46 trials (15.2%), while 11+ country studies used CROs in 6/6 trials (100.0%). Site burden shows the same pattern, from 2/34 (5.9%) at 1–5 sites to 23/25 (92.0%) at 21+ sites.

CRO use by operational capacity tier
CRO use by number of CTIS countries
1 country
7/46 · 15.2%
2–3 countries
10/16 · 62.5%
4–10 countries
19/21 · 90.5%
11+ countries
6/6 · 100.0%
CRO use by number of sites
1–5 sites
2/34 · 5.9%
6–20 sites
14/26 · 53.8%
21+ sites
23/25 · 92.0%
CRO use by participants
<100 participants
13/42 · 31.0%
100–499 participants
22/37 · 59.5%
500–999 participants
4/5 · 80.0%
1,000+ participants
2/4 · 50.0%
Each bar shows CRO-supported trials divided by trials in the relevant capacity tier.
Interpretation

The practical CRO trigger in diabetes is not phase alone; it is operational spread. Once a trial crosses multi-country CTIS submission, multi-site activation, or several hundred participants, outsourcing becomes the default operating model rather than an optional add-on.

Which diabetes indications generate the highest CRO need?

CRO use was highest in diabetic retinopathy or macular edema trials at 7/9 (77.8%), obesity or overweight with diabetes at 10/13 (76.9%), and cardiorenal comorbidity at 8/11 (72.7%). Type 1 diabetes was lower at 7/24 (29.2%).

CRO use by diabetes indication cluster
Diabetic retinopathy / macular edema
7/9 · 77.8%
Obesity or overweight with diabetes
10/13 · 76.9%
Cardiorenal comorbidity
8/11 · 72.7%
Type 2 diabetes / diabetes mellitus
8/18 · 44.4%
Diabetic neuropathy / neuropathic pain
2/5 · 40.0%
Type 1 diabetes
7/24 · 29.2%
Diabetic foot ulcer
0/5 · 0.0%
Gestational diabetes
0/2 · 0.0%
Indication clusters are derived from trial disease wording and counted at trial level.
Interpretation

CRO demand is strongest where diabetes intersects with specialist endpoints, cardiovascular or renal risk, ophthalmology, metabolic comorbidity, and larger regulatory programs. Smaller academic Type 1 diabetes and diabetic foot ulcer studies are less likely to list CRO support.

Which functions are most often outsourced?

The most frequent outsourced function was central or special laboratory and bioanalysis support in 40/89 trials (44.9%). EDC/eCRF/data capture appeared in 28/89 (31.5%), IMP supply/logistics in 25/89 (28.1%), and clinical operations or monitoring in 24/89 (27.0%).

Most outsourced functions across the diabetes cohort
Central/special laboratory & bioanalysis
40/89 · 44.9%
EDC / eCRF / data capture
28/89 · 31.5%
IMP supply, packaging, logistics
25/89 · 28.1%
Clinical operations / monitoring
24/89 · 27.0%
RTSM / IWRS / randomisation systems
22/89 · 24.7%
eCOA / ePRO / diary / DCT
18/89 · 20.2%
Patient reimbursement / travel / direct-to-patient
15/89 · 16.9%
Patient recruitment / retention
12/89 · 13.5%
Imaging / central reading / ophthalmology certification
12/89 · 13.5%
Translation / linguistic validation
11/89 · 12.4%
DMC / adjudication / independent statistics
10/89 · 11.2%
Safety database / pharmacovigilance systems
7/89 · 7.9%
Function count is trial-level presence across all 89 diabetes Phase II/III trials.
Interpretation

Diabetes outsourcing is not limited to classic monitoring. The largest recurrent needs are central labs, bioanalysis, data capture, clinical supply logistics, randomisation systems, eCOA/ePRO, patient reimbursement, and recruitment/retention infrastructure—especially when CTIS submissions span multiple countries.

How do CRO-supported trials differ operationally?

CRO-supported trials had a median of 4.5 CTIS countries, 29 sites, and 157 participants, compared with 1 country, 2.5 sites, and 80 participants in non-CRO trials. Dose-escalation or multi-dose-combined designs used CROs in 11/13 trials (84.6%).

Operational profile: CRO-supported versus non-CRO trials
4.5 vs 1
Median countries
CRO-supported vs non-CRO trials
29 vs 2.5
Median sites
CRO-supported vs non-CRO trials
157 vs 80
Median participants
CRO-supported vs non-CRO trials
185 vs 87
Median target sample
CRO-supported vs non-CRO trials
Design features associated with CRO use
Randomised trials
34/59 · 57.6%
Dose-escalation / multi-dose combined trials
11/13 · 84.6%
Medians use available trial-level country, site, participant and target sample values.
Interpretation

CRO-supported diabetes trials are materially broader and more operationally complex. The strongest signal is site and CTIS-country load, reinforced by randomisation systems, laboratory work, supply logistics, and dose-level management.

Where is CTIS execution concentrated?

The dataset contains 283 CTIS country-level records. Germany appeared in 39 country records, Poland in 32, France in 24, Italy in 22, and Spain in 20; by site burden, Poland led with 259 sites and 3,807 participants, followed by Germany with 200 sites and 2,343 participants.

CTIS country footprint by trial presence, sites and participants
Top CTIS countries by trial presence
Germany39
Poland32
France24
Italy22
Spain20
Czechia17
Hungary15
Slovakia14
Top countries by site and participant load
CountrySitesParticipants
Poland2593,807
Germany2002,343
Spain1442,013
France1421,619
Italy1191,094
Hungary115854
Czechia91896
Sweden65562
CTIS Part II processing medians: 218 CRO-supported country records at 60.5 days; 63 non-CRO country records at 66 days.
Interpretation

For EU submission planning, Germany, Poland, France, Italy and Spain are the recurring diabetes execution anchors. CRO value is most visible in coordinating large Part II packages, site activation, local documents, vendor systems, patient logistics, and country-level operational follow-through.

What adjacent questions can the same data answer?

The same CTIS dataset shows that Phase III trials used CROs in 26/47 cases (55.3%) versus 16/42 Phase II trials (38.1%), and multi-country diabetes trials used CROs in 35/43 cases (81.4%). Pharmaceutical-company sponsors accounted for 39/55 CRO-supported sponsor-type cases (70.9%), while hospital sponsors used CROs in 0/23 cases.

Adjacent CRO-demand signals answerable from the dataset
26/47 vs 16/42
Phase III vs Phase II CRO use
55.3% vs 38.1%
35/43
Multi-country CRO use
81.4% of trials with 2+ CTIS countries
39/55
Pharma sponsor CRO use
70.9%; hospital sponsors were 0/23
18/27
2026 CRO signal
66.7% of 2026 diabetes Phase II/III trials
Adjacent findings are trial-level unless the measure explicitly refers to CTIS country records.
Interpretation

The strongest additional finding is commercial-sponsor concentration: CRO demand is heavily associated with pharma-led, multi-country, Phase III, and operationally complex programs. Academic or hospital-led diabetes studies are mostly smaller and less likely to list CRO support.

Definitions used in this report

CTIS means Clinical Trials Information System. In this report, CTIS country records refer to country-level Part II submission, decision, site and participant entries in the provided dataset.

CRO means contract research organization or CRO-like operational vendor listed in the sponsor third-party and CRO fields.

EDC/eCRF means electronic data capture/electronic case report form; RTSM/IWRS means randomisation and supply management systems; eCOA/ePRO/DCT means electronic clinical outcome assessment, electronic patient-reported outcomes, and decentralized-trial support; IMP means investigational medicinal product.